Showing posts with label The Miracle Of Human Creation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label The Miracle Of Human Creation. Show all posts
Tuesday, September 11, 2012
Monday, September 10, 2012
Conclusion (The Miracle Of Human Creation)
Have they not reflected that God created the heavens and the earth and everything between them for a worthy end and for a fixed term? Yet many people deny that they will ever meet their Lord.
(Qur'an, 30: 8)
Everyone in the world went into his mother's womb as a simple sperm cell and there, under specially created conditions, united with an egg. After this, he began life as a single cell. You also went through this process along with your mother, father, brothers and sisters, friends and acquaintances and people you don't even know. Not only those who are alive now, but everyone from the first human being to members of the present generation, have undergone the miraculous stages described in this book.
During those months when the growing embryos had not even the slightest awareness of their existence, God gave form to their bodies and created each one as a whole human being from one single cell. It is the duty of everyone who lives on the face of the earth to consider this truth...
And it is your duty to think about how you came to exist, and to be grateful to God Who created you. Do not forget that the Lord Who created your body once will create it once again when you die and will demand a reckoning.
This is very easy for God, the Owner of eternal power.
However, those who forget their creation and deny God and the Day of Judgement are heedless in the extreme. In the Qur'an, God refers to them in this way:
Does not man see that We created him from a drop, yet there he is, an open antagonist! He makes likenesses of Us and forgets his own creation, saying, "Who will give life to bones when they are decayed?" Say "He Who made them in the first place will bring them back to life. He has total knowledge of each created thing." (Qur'an, 36: 77-79)
Embryology Rejects The Lie of Evolution
The event of birth is a proof of a supreme creation, yet evolutionists try to make reference to it in defence of their theory. The fact that, in the creation of a new human being, every stage develops according to a very delicate design, is today an undisputed fact in the field of embryology. In this case, how do evolutionists try to interpret this fact of creation in reference to their theory?
At the end of the 19th century, the evolutionist biologist Ernst Haeckel proposed his thesis, "Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny". In this thesis, Haeckel claimed that living embryos in the process of their development repeat the evolutionary process that their supposed ancestors went through. For example, he proposed that a human embryo in its mother's womb first displayed the characteristics of a fish, then of a reptile before finally turning into a human being.
Before long it was realized that this thesis did not reflect the facts. The gills that supposedly appeared in the first periods of a human embryo were actually the human inner ear canal and the parathyroid and thymus glands; the part of the embryo resembling an egg yoke was actually the sack responsible for the production of the baby's blood; the part that was thought to be the tail was identified as the human spine.
These are now facts well attested in the world of science. Shortly after Haeckel proposed his theory, evolutionists themselves acknowledged that his claims were false. Two leading neo-Darwinists, George Gaylord Simpson and W. Beck acknowledged the invalidity of this theory:
Haeckel misstated the evolutionary principle involved. It is now firmly established that ontogeny does not repeat phylogeny.53The validity of Haeckel's theory was also rejected in scientific debate in the 1920's. After this, in the 1950's, the theory was completely removed from text books.54
Fabricated Drawings
In proposing his theory, Haeckel did not act contrary to the tradition of evolutionist scientists; he produced imaginary drawings to illustrate his ideas. Even when embryology developed and it was revealed that the drawings were fabricated, he acknowledged that he had not followed a different path from the rest of his colleagues:
After this compromising confession of 'forgery' I should be obliged to consider myself condemned and annihilated if I had not the consolation of seeing side by side with me in the prisoner's dock hundreds of fellow-culprits, among them many of the most trusted observers and most esteemed biologists. The great majority of all the diagrams in the best biological textbooks, treatises and journals would incur in the same degree the charge of 'forgery,' for all of them are inexact, and are more or less doctored, schematised and constructed.55
It can be understood from this confession that Haeckel's attempts to use embryology as a proof for evolution are completely without foundation and amount to nothing more than sophistry. The details we have given in the course of this book, as general as they were, of the miracle of human creation are an undeniable proof of the truth of creation.
53 G.G.Simpson, W.Beck, An Introduction to Biology, New York, Harcourt Brace and World, 1965, s. 241
54 Keith S.Thomson, Ontogeny & Phylogeny Recapitulated, American Scientist, cilt:76 Mayıs/Haziran 1988, s. 273
55 Francis Hitching,The Neck of the Giraffe:Where Darwin Went Wrong, New York,Ticknor and Fields 1982, sf.204
Mother's Milk Protects the Baby at Every Stage
A baby coming into the world from the protected, bacteria-free womb of its mother must fight against several bacteria in the external world. One of the most important features of mother's milk is that it protects the baby from infections. The protective cells (antibodies) that pass from the mother's milk to the baby cause the baby to start fighting against bacteria it had never known before, as if it had actually been informed. The antibodies contained in great quantities in the form of mother's milk called "colostrum", which is secreted in the first few days after birth, perform an especially protective function. This protection that mother's milk provides for the baby (protection from slight infections to very serious ones), is vitally important for the first few months, and its benefits increase in proportion to the period of breast feeding.
The benefits to the baby of mother's milk become more evident every passing day. One of the things scientists have discovered about mother's milk is that it is highly beneficial for a baby up to two years of age.
The importance of this recent discovery was revealed to us 14 centuries ago:
We have instructed man concerning his parents. Bearing him caused his mother great debility and the period of his weaning was two years: "Give thanks to Me and to your parents. I am your final destination." (Qur'an, 31: 14)
51 Laurence Pernoud, J’attends un enfant, Pierre Horay, Paris, 1995, s. 138
52 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 103
The Difference Between Mother's Milk and Other Nutrients
The use of nutrient material other than mother's milk does not completely meet the needs of the baby. For example, no other nutrient material contains the antibodies required for the baby's immune system.
Cow's milk is considered to be the classic nutrient material for babies. When we compare it with mother's milk, we can better understand the superiority of the latter. In cow's milk there is a higher amount of casein than in human milk. Casein is a protein found in coagulated (sour) milk. This material breaks down into larger pieces in the stomach making digestion difficult. For this reason, cow's milk is harder to digest than mother's milk. The fact that little of this material is found in mother's milk makes the baby's digestion easier.
These two kinds of milk are also different with regard to the composition of amino acids. Due to this difference in composition, the total number of amino acids present in the plasma of a baby fed with cow's milk is greater; the level of some amino acids is too high while the level of others is too low. This has negative effects on the nervous system and, because of the higher protein content, places an extra burden on the kidneys.
Another factor that makes mother's milk different is its sugar content. In mother's milk and cow's milk there is the same kind of sugar-lactose. But the amount of lactose in human milk (L / 7g) is different from that in cow's milk (L / 4.8g). Besides, the large coagulated particles of cow's milk pass much more slowly through the small intestine. For this reason, high amounts of fluid and lactose, which are very important, are absorbed in the first section of the small intestine. Coagulated particles of mother's milk (unlike those of cow's milk) pass through the small intestine easily, and lactose and fluid reach the large intestine. In this way, a healthy intestinal structure develops. The second advantage of the great quantity of lactose found in human milk is that it ensures the synthesis of a material called "cerebroside", which plays an important role in the construction of the essential structures of the nervous system.
Despite the fact that the fat level in mother's milk and cow's milk is almost the same, the quality of those fats is different. The linoleic acid in mother's milk is the only fatty acid required in the nourishment of the baby.
Another factor that distinguishes mother's milk is the amount and proportion of the salt and minerals it contains. For example, in cow's milk the amount of calcium and phosphorus is high; but the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in cow's milk makes it difficult to digest properly. Phosphorus can combine with calcium in the digestive tract and actually prevent the absorption of calcium. Therefore, if a baby is given cow's milk in the first days of its life, the way can be opened to certain abnormalities due to a drop of the level of calcium in the blood.
Apart from this, human milk is 50% iron. Because cow's milk contains a much lower proportion of this mineral, babies fed on cow's milk can develop anaemia linked to iron deficiency.
Richness in vitamins is another factor that makes mother's milk indispensable for the baby. From the point of view of the vitamins they contain, mother's milk and cow's milk are quite different. Despite the fact that the level of vitamin A is the same, the level of vitamins E, C and K is higher in mother's milk. The amount of vitamin D in mother's milk is sufficient for the baby's needs.
The First Food of This World: MOTHER'S MILK
From the moment a baby opens its eyes to this world, its body must adapt to a new life. Every factor to facilitate this adaptation has been put into effect during and after the pregnancy. The clearest example of this is the stage of the formation of mother's milk.
The formation of the milk is provided by the mother's hormones. The production of milk is connected basically to a hormone called "prolactin" produced by the anterior pituitary gland in the brain. During pregnancy, the progesterone and the oestrogen hormones produced by the placenta prevent prolactin from being activated and producing milk. But the placenta is discharged after birth causing the level of progesterone and oestrogen in the blood to fall; after this, prolactin comes into action and contributes to the formation of milk. Because of this communication among the hormones, such a valuable nutrient as mother's milk is prepared exactly at the moment when the baby needs it. This is indeed a momentous exchange of information. While the placenta is in the body, it performs vital tasks but at the right time it must be ejected. This brings with it a very important development for human life. As we have seen, in the stages of human creation all the things that take place complement one another. Certainly, these are clear proofs that every human being has been constructed by a supreme power.
And these stages continue after the baby has come into the world. The production of milk by the mother increases according to the baby's need for nourishment. In the first days, up to 50 g. is produced; in the sixth month, the production may be as high as one litre. Those scientists who have tried to find the formula for mother's milk have been unsuccessful after long investigations because there is no standard type of mother's milk. In every mother's body, milk is produced according to the needs of her own baby, and this milk nourishes the baby in a way that no other extraneous nourishment can. Research has shown that the antibodies, hormones, vitamins and minerals in mother's milk are determined by the needs of the baby.
Towards a New World
God brought you out of your mothers' wombs knowing nothing at all, and gave you hearing, sight and hearts so that perhaps you would give thanks.
(Qur'an, 16: 78)
When all the preparations are complete for the foetus to enter a new world, the amniotic fluid begins to perform new activities. The amniotic fluid forms fluid vesicles which will cause the entrance of the womb to expand to a size that will allow the baby to pass, and prevent the baby from being compressed in the womb during the birth process. When the birth begins, the vesicles are perforated and pour out the fluid they contain, lubricating and sterilizing the channel through which the foetus will pass. In this way the birth is easier and protected from bacteria.51
Along with these preparations made in the womb, a few other conditions must be met at the same time in order to have a safe birth. For example, for the baby to emerge from the womb, it must be in the right position. To achieve this, the baby's feet move, causing it to turn slowly until its head moves into the cervix. Now that the baby is too big to manoeuvre, the baby's ability to move is curtailed, and it cannot move its head out of that position.47 But how does the unborn baby make the decision as to which position is appropriate? How does it know the best position for the birth? And, how does the foetus in its mother's womb determine when it is time to be born? Certainly, these are very important things to think about. The fact that a being whose consciousness is still undeveloped can demonstrate such conscious behaviour is a clear indication not of its own will, but of the knowledge and inspiration of God the Creator.
In the stage at which the body comes into the world, there are many other examples of marvellous design to be seen. For example, in order for a healthy birth to occur, the baby's skull must have a structure that will not be damaged in the birth canal. If we look at the baby's skull, we see a group of 5 bones with a soft spot called the "fontanelle" between them. This soft structure gives to the skull a flexibility that prevents damage to the baby's brain and skull from the pressure that occurs during birth.
Before the birth of the baby, preparations are made under very strict controls; precautions are taken with a view to every eventuality. For example, amniotic fluid comes into play to facilitate the birth and prevent infection.
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| The fertilised egg needs a secure place in the mother's body in order to survive and continue to develop. Cells should find a place where they will be protected and be nourished, and where birth will occur easily in nine months. The mother's uterus perfectly meets these requirements. The baby lodges in the uterus for nine months. At the end of the ninth month, necessary processes take place in order to enable the realization of birth. Checkups are done and the baby gets ready to step into the outer world. |
All these bring a question to mind: Who ensures that all these preparations have been completed, and determines that the time has come? Who checks that the eyes are ready to see, the lungs are ready to breathe, the joints are perfectly developed and the brain is completely formed?
In the developing body of the foetus, there is no such mechanism to control these things. The brain, which is accepted as the control centre for the whole body, is an organ that develops along with the foetus. Besides, even a perfectly formed brain could not discern any meaning at this stage. The foetus, which until that moment had developed in its mother's womb, is completely unaware of an external environment. It cannot determine whether or not it is in a condition suitable for an environment it has never seen. And it is not the mother who determines the time of birth. From the very first day, a mother cannot intervene in one single stage of the operations occurring in her body; how, then, could she decide when these stages have reached their completion?
There is no doubt that it is God Who controls every stage of the baby's development and determines when a human being will begin his life in this world. It is only God, Who created human beings, Who knows every moment of the lives they will lead. When a human being comes into the world, God even knows the day he will die. Death will come at the time God determined. An intelligent person who has an awareness of these facts knows what he must do: He must think about his own creation and once again bear witness to the eternal power of his Lord, and he must order his whole life in a way that will be pleasing to God.
Mankind! If you are in any doubt about the Resurrection, know that We created you from dust, then from a drop of sperm, then from an alaq, then from a lump of flesh, formed yet unformed, so that We might manifest to you Our power. We make whatever We want stay in the womb until a specified time and then We bring you forth as children, so that you may reach your full maturity. Some die young and some are returned to the most decrepit (old) age when all that they once knew they know no more. (Qur'an, 22: 5)
Creation from a Drop
During the nine months in the mother's womb, growth continues perfectly. The foetus first enters the womb as a drop of fluid and gradually turns into a human being.
If there were the slightest lack of coordination in this development, the foetus would surely die. For example, if the brain grew more quickly than the bones of the skull, the brain of the foetus would be compressed and suffer damage. This coordination is also important for the formation of the eyes, the liver and heart, as well as other organs and the bones which surround them. The ordered development of the organs is also very important because, if the kidneys were slow to develop and the circulatory system had already formed, the blood would not be purified and the body would be poisoned.
But this does not happen and the baby about to open his eyes to the world is created by passing perfectly from one stage to another.
The only power that creates a complete human being from what was at first just a drop of fluid is that of Almighty God, the Lord of the universe.
The Qur'an tells how God created human beings:
Does man reckon he will be left to go on unchecked? Was he not a drop of ejaculated sperm, then an alaq (embryo) which He created and shaped, making from it both sexes, male and female? Is He Who does this not able to bring the dead to life? (Qur'an, 75: 36-40)
Certainly, an individual confronted by this truth will always be thankful to his Lord for creating him from a drop of fluid and making him a seeing, hearing and thinking person.
Say: "It is He Who brought you into being and gave you hearing, sight and hearts. What little thanks you show!"
(Qur'an, 67: 23)
21 Gerard J. Tortora, Introduction to the Human Body The Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, Biological Science Textbooks, 1997, s. 569-570
22 Solomon, Berg, Martin, Villee, Biology, Saunders College Publishing, ABD, 1993, s. 1066
23 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 28
24 Guyton&Hall, Tıbbi Fizyoloji, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul, 1996, 9. baskı, s. 1034
25 Guyton&Hall, Tıbbi Fizyoloji, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul, 1996, 9. baskı, s. 1039
26 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 33
27 . Gerard J. Tortora, Introduction to the Human Body The Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, Biological Science Textbooks, 1997, s. 556
28 . Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 38
29 Science et Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 48-50
30 Hoimar Von Ditfurth, Dinozarların Sessiz Gecesi 2, Alan Yayıncılık, 1997, s.126
31 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 42
32 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 42-43
33 Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, Oxford University Press, New York, 1976, s. 37
34 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 34
35 Science et Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 48-50
36 Intimate Universe, The Human Body, Volume 1, 1998 British Broadcasting Corporation
37 Guyton&Hall, Tıbbi Fizyoloji, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul, 1996, 9. baskı, s. 1035
38 Science et Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 48-50
39 Solomon, Berg, Martin, Villee, Biology, Saunders College Publishing, ABD, 1993, s. 1069
40 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 73
41 Science Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 88
42 Science et Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 48-50
43 Hoimar Von Ditfurth, Dinozarların Sessiz Gecesi 2, Alan Yayıncılık, 1997, s.129-130
44 Keith L. Moore, The Developing Human - Clinically Oriented Embryology, W. B. Saunders Company, 1983, Canada, s. 374a
45 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 74
46 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 64
47 Keith L. Moore, The Developing Human - Clinically Oriented Embryology, W. B. Saunders Company, 1983, Canada, s. 126
48 Science et Vie, Mart 1995, sayı: 190, s. 48-50
49 Geraldine Lux Flanagan, Beginning Life, A Dorling Kindersley Book, Londra, 1996, s. 87
50 Laurence Pernoud, J’attends un enfant, Pierre Horay, Paris, 1995, s.135
The Preparations are Completed (The Miracle Of Human Creation)
As the foetus gradually gets prepared for life in the outside world, an extraordinary team of workers is organized among the organs. The work that will be done is determined according to the conditions in the outside world. The eyes, unused in the mother's womb, are constructed for the intensity of the world's light; the ears are made for the world's sounds. In the same way, the stomach and the other digestive organs are equipped with a physiological system designed to function in relation to this world's nutrient material. The cells of the digestive system are programmed and adjusted so as to digest food they have never encountered. Along with their ability to analyse carbohydrates and fats, they are programmed to know which nutrients are required by which organs and to ensure that these nutrients are sent to the relevant cells in the body. So, the foetus is prepared for the outside world in a planned and programmed way. Here we must point out again that these organs and cells that constitute the body of a new human being make these preparations for an environment that they have never seen, heard of or otherwise experienced. They develop as if they were aware of the environment that was waiting for them after leaving the mother's body. Certainly it is impossible to claim that these cells accomplish these acts by their own prescience. The conscious and deliberate preparations made by the cells in forming a baby's body, inspired in them by God, must be considered as an important proof of creation.
In the final months, the foetus begins to gain weight. Certain cells produce a fat layer which is named "brown fat" because it has a brownish colour. The special brown fat develops in particular areas of the foetus such as the nape of the neck, around the kidneys and behind breastbone. In addition to providing insulation, brown fat itself produces heat. The special function of this fat layer is to keep the baby warm in the early weeks after birth.49The fact that these cells which produce this fat layer flawlessly perform the duties that have been inspired in them is another proof of creation.
In the meantime, the skin of the foetus undergoes important changes resulting in the development before birth of skin surface which is critical for survival after birth. The skin of the foetus produces an oily surface covering which confers a water repelling property to the surface of the skin in contact with the amniotic fluid. This oily surface layer has an important effect to promote maturation of the underlying skin cells and the formation of a skin barrier before birth.
In earlier sections, we mentioned that in the early stages of the embryo, the mother's defensive cells are not permitted access to the baby's blood. These cells see the baby as a foreign intrusion and could kill it. But in the ninth month, this situation changes suddenly and antibodies (a protective protein produced by the immune system) in the mother's womb pass to the foetus through the placenta. When we examine the reason for this, we are struck by something very surprising. In the first six months after birth, the cells in the baby's immune system do not develop, but the baby will need antibodies to protect it from the germs in the world. So, in the last month, the mother's antibodies, which are permitted access to the baby's blood, will be ready to protect the baby from contracting infectious diseases when it is first born.50In the subsequent months, as the baby's immune system begins to produce its own antibodies, the mother's antibodies will cease functioning.
As in what we have said before, this operation too, as outlined above, is an example of the perfect plan in the creation of human beings. The details in every month, every day, every minute of the formation of a human being are minutely calculated. Flawless systems prevent harmful material from reaching the foetus, but when these materials are needed, the old system is removed according to the same perfect plan, and a new one is put in place. Certainly, this perfection does not come about by the deliberate decision and will of the cells which make up a human being. All these things are proof of the incomparable creation of Almighty God.
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One of the functions of the placenta is to protect the baby from the mother's defensive cells (top). But this protection continues only up to a certain month. In the ninth month, this situation changes and the antibodies in the mother's body pass with the help of the placenta into the foetus (large picture). For the first six months of life in the world, the baby's immune cells will not be formed. This would mean death for the baby. Therefore, it is very important that the placenta gives permission for the antibodies to pass. It is clear to everyone that the cells comprising the placenta are by themselves incapable of such conscious behaviour. It is God Who creates these cells and inspires them as to what they must do.
As can be seen in the examples given, every stage in the development of a human being is controlled and occurs according to a perfectly ordered plan. And every human being, while in the foetus stage, undergoes this controlled development and grows into maturity. The special plan and perfect design in the development of a human being is a manifestation for aware individuals of the eternal knowledge and wisdom of God.
Preparations for the First Breath
After birth the most important thing for the baby is to breathe; it is necessary that the lungs, which had never known air before, fill with it and start to breathe. The baby, who had previously received oxygen from the mother's blood, must now take it from the air with his own lungs. And in a miraculous way, the lungs, when had never taken a breath before the first moment of birth, begin to breathe quite normally.
At the moment the baby is born, God creates everything in readiness and ensures that the preparation of the lungs has been completed as required. For the preparation of the lungs, the diaphragm comes into play; it is located between the stomach and the rib cage. The diaphragm begins to function towards the sixth month of pregnancy. At first it expands and contracts intermittently several times an hour, but after birth it will do this continuously.
It can be seen from this that the baby is constantly under special protection, but it must be remembered that this is not the mother's protection. As the foetus develops, the mother carries on her normal life; none of the changes in her body are under her control. Even if she wanted to intervene, she could not. All these developments occur by the eternal power of our Lord. God has created all the things required for a child to come into the world as a normal human being in the most wonderful way. All the needs of the baby while it is in the foetus stage are met, and the mother is spared the necessity of thinking about what she must do to bring the baby into the world and ensure that the baby will survive.
Even if she thought about doing something to this end, there is nothing she could do. For example, taking waste material from the body of the foetus into her own kidneys, purifying it and discharging it are things which no mother could do on her own. It is God Who determines all the needs for a new human being to come into the world and constructs the system in the way that will best respond to these needs.
The Baby's "Water of Life": Amniotic Fluid
Amniotic fluid is specially produced for the baby; it ensures that the organs are prepared to function after birth. The baby, as it were, practises with the amniotic fluid to become accustomed to the outside world by regularly ingesting it. In this way, its tongue begins to perceive bitter, sweet, salty and sour tastes. Afterward, the saliva glands begin to function. The amniotic fluid ingested by the foetus begins to prepare the intestines for their absorptive function, and it makes the kidneys function by creating the necessity for the constant filtration of this same fluid from the blood. The fluid absorbed from the kidneys is transmitted back again to the amniotic fluid, without contaminating it, because the kidneys have the ability, distinct from their later function, to filter and sterilize the fluid ingested by the baby. And this fluid, as when you clean a swimming pool, is continually purified with the help of a few other fluids.
In the same period along with these developments, digestive fluids begin to be secreted in the stomach in order that the digestive system may be fully prepared.46And the cells in the baby's newly formed intestines acquire the ability to distinguish between sugars and salts and later to return particular waste products to the mother's blood. In this way, both the intestines and the kidneys are put into action. The amniotic fluid is ingested by the intestines of the foetus once every three hours, that is, eight times a day and is returned to the mother via the blood. As much fluid as is ingested is released to the pool of amniotic fluid both from the mother's womb and from the lungs and kidneys of the foetus where it is produced. In this way, the amount of this fluid, so vitally important for the foetus, remains constant. Because of this perfect system, the digestive system of the foetus is put into operation without any harm to the foetus.
Synchronized with the growth of the foetus, the amount of amniotic fluid increases, reaching about 30 ml at ten weeks, 350 ml at five months, and 1 litre by the seventh month. At the moment of birth however, the amount of fluid falls to half a litre.47
The amniotic fluid not only prepares the digestive system for the post-birth period, but also ensures that the baby may move more comfortably in the mother's womb. The foetus floats in this fluid like a rowboat tied up in a harbour. In this state it can move very securely in the mother's womb. At the same time, this fluid protects the foetus from any physical trauma from outside. Pressure applied on the fluid from any direction is dispersed equally in every direction protecting the foetus from any harmful effects. For example, if the mother runs, the jolts produced have no effect on the baby; it is like a cork shaken in a container filled with water. The most perfect protective system possible has been created for the foetus; every kind of danger has been foreseen and precautions taken.
The presence of amniotic fluid is also important for the health of the mother. This fluid fills the whole womb, so as the foetus grows and gains weight, no pressure is exerted on the womb itself. If this fluid were not present, the growing foetus would weigh the uterus down and the counter-pressure exerted by the uterine walls would make the normal development of the foetus impossible.
This special fluid provides another vital necessity for the foetus: a constant temperature. It is known that fluids distribute heat evenly. The amniotic fluid is recycled continually and has a constant temperature. The heat needed for the development of the foetus is distributed equally in every direction.
If there is a single problem with the production of this fluid, with its continuous purification or the adjustment of its volume, the natural development of the foetus is impaired. For example, if the amount of amniotic fluid is less than required, or if it is not present at all, a series of abnormalities begins to appear. Limbs wither and become deformed, joints fuse, skin loosens and, because of pressure, the face is deformed. The most serious problem is that the development of the lungs is impeded and the baby dies immediately after birt.48
All this shows us that from the first human being until now, the production of amniotic fluid has continued flawlessly. Without it, a baby could not develop in its mother's womb. This fact completely discredits the evolutionists' claim that development occurs stage by stage over a period of time. If one single stage in the creation of a new human being did not occur, for example, as we said just now, if the production of amniotic fluid were deficient, birth could never take place and the human race would never have come into existence. Therefore, it cannot be claimed that amniotic fluid began to be produced over a period of time when the need for it arose. This fluid must exist along with the baby. It is impossible to claim that such a fluid, which has such important functions, was formed in a moment by chance. To say that a complex organism came to exist in a moment is to say that this organism was created. It is impossible for chance actions to calculate, determine needs, to select the things appropriate for these needs and apply them at the right time and in the right place.
It is clear that God creates the amniotic fluid and the systems to which it is connected. He too determines the amount of amniotic fluid required.
God knows what every female bears and every shrinking of the womb and every swelling. Everything has its measure with Him. (Qur'an, 13: 8)
Special Tiny Hairs Protecting the Baby
The baby developing in the mother's womb is protected by the amniotic fluid. But if the baby spends too much time in this fluid, it will suffer damage. But this does not happen. The baby's body has an excellent defence against damage by this fluid. In the fifth month, tiny colourless hairs cover the baby's body. These hairs remain on the baby's body for three or four months. Before birth they cover the baby's body almost completely. Because of these hairs, the amniotic fluid will not be able to damage the baby's skin. It it clear that the presence of these hairs is a special precaution taken to protect the baby. In the development of the baby in the mother's womb there is no deficiency in any detail. This system is organized so that no problems will occur and it is only one of the manifestations of the limitless creative power of God.
Preparations for the World Outside (The Miracle Of Human Creation)
The baby, whose organs are slowly developing and who is beginning to move, awaits a further development. In order for the baby to survive in an environment totally different from the secure one in which it now lives, it is necessary that the required arrangements be made.
To this end, the baby needs to start moving slowly and put its newly formed organs into operation. This problem has been solved in the most wonderful way. In the membrane separating the baby from the uterus, a special fluid called "amniotic fluid" begins to be produced. The baby's kidneys and lungs, the amniotic membrane and the surrounding uterus contribute to the formation of this fluid.45
The Importance of "Planning" Among the Cells
When we look at the development of the embryo, we see that it shows a high degree of proportion and harmony. At the end of the first month, fully developed eyes, ears, nose, chin and cheeks become visible.
In the course of this harmonious development it is very important that growth and structural change are ensured. It is necessary that these changes occur in the same way for all parts of the body, because all the organs of the human body have a highly complex structure. For example, the eye alone has 40 different parts. In order for the eye to be able to perform its function, it is necessary that the growth of these parts be proportionate, the connections between the parts be sound and that every part be in its own place. Otherwise, the eye could not perform its function. In the same way, in the formation of the arm, the bones and muscles must begin their formation at the same time.
As can be understood from this, all the cells of the embryo act in harmony. Every one of them is aware of the general plan of the body. Every one of them sends a number of messages and reacts to messages coming from other cells. All the cells in the embryo act together; with real understanding, each one different from the other, they use what is required in the information contained in the DNA as needed.
It is God Who Creates the Body From a Piece of Flesh
1. Embryo’s forehead begins to form
2. Formation of the nose
3. Formation of the jawbone
4. Formation of the mandible
2. Formation of the nose
3. Formation of the jawbone
4. Formation of the mandible
5. Day 28
6. Day 34
7. Day 40
8. Day 45
9. Day 50
10. Day 60
6. Day 34
7. Day 40
8. Day 45
9. Day 50
10. Day 60
Before it begins to develop, the embryo resembles a mass of flesh. The eyes, ears, heart and other organs develop and a brand new person comes into being. Above we can see the series of developments that occur in the formation of the human face. Every human being on the face of the earth has undergone these stages. As a collection of cells unaware of its own existence, a human being continues through this development in a protected and secure environment prepared in the mother's womb. The symmetrical eyes, the eyebrows, nose, mouth, and the protective skin are all formed in the mother's body. These wondrous transformations seen in the picture above are a proof of the creative art of God. It is the duty of every person in the world to consider this truth and give thanks to God.
But how do the cells know where to go and what to do? How can they act in such harmony together with other cells? Who decides how to use the genetic material contained in the cells and how will the cells differentiate between one and another?
In the organs of our bodies there must be no deficiency or excess. A deficiency in an organ is sometimes fatal; at least it causes some disability. An excess places an unnecessary burden on the body. In that case, first it is necessary to determine the number of organs that the body needs. How is this number determined? How is it that when a group of cells begins to make an organ, another group of cells is not making a second, exactly similar organ?
Evolutionists try to avoid this issue by saying that the DNA molecule is responsible for all these functions, but this is only a deception. The basic point to consider here is this: who placed all the information in the DNA molecule of every cell of the body? Moreover, who decided where, when and how this information is to be used? To these questions the evolutionists can give no answer.
Cells formed from unconscious and lifeless atoms, blood vessels, tissues, air, wind, or any other material thing, have no power to make such a decision. It is God Who imprinted this marvellous plan in the DNA and it is God Who ensures the perfect realization of this plan by inspiring the cells to do what they must. God has power over all things.
The Marvellous Creation of the Eye
In the fourth week, two cavities are formed on either side of the embryo's head. It is hard to believe, but the eyes will be formed in these cavities beginning in the sixth week. For months the cells work according to an incredible plan, forming the various parts of the eye one by one. Some cells make the cornea, some make the pupil and others make the lens. When a part that a particular cell constructs is completed, the cell ceases to work. Each cell makes a different part of the eye; afterwards, they unite with one another in a marvellous way. There is no error in the process; nothing else takes the place of the pupil, and the cornea, eye muscles, and every other element is in place. These operations continue and the eye is perfectly formed with its various layers.
Here we must ask ourselves a few questions: How do these cells know that they must construct different layers? How do they decide where to begin and end the construction of each layer? To these questions there is only one answer: The cells are able to perform this conscious activity because they move under the inspiration of God. But evolutionists who try to explain the formation of a human being by the operations of chance cannot give an answer to these questions.
1. Developing Brain
2. Ectoderm
3. Optic Sac
4. Optic Stem
5. Eye Socket
6. Developing Lens
2. Ectoderm
3. Optic Sac
4. Optic Stem
5. Eye Socket
6. Developing Lens
7. Developing Retina
8. Developing Eyelash
9. Lens
10. Developing Cornea
11. Developing Optic Nerves
8. Developing Eyelash
9. Lens
10. Developing Cornea
11. Developing Optic Nerves
The formation of the eye in the embryo is briefly as above. A projecting part develops from the forebrain. There form inward evaginations where this hollow reaches the outermost layer of the embryo (ectoderm). From these evaginations, called optic vesicles, will emerge the eyes.
One evolutionist who explained the perfect plan in the human body was Hoimar von Ditfurth. In his book, Im Anfang War Der Wasserstoff (In the Beginning was Hydrogen), he explained the formation of a human being in detail, but he confessed that the theory of evolution could never give an answer to the questions "how" or "why":
The will that transforms a dark point-like object into coloured, pleasing eyes that can register three dimensions is God, the Possessor of everything.
If there is no plan to determine where and when the construction will begin and in what sequence each of its components will be put into operation, that plan will be useless, even if it is excellent in other respects. We know that we must start constructing this building from the foundation up and after we finish the walls we put on the roof. But before the electrical and water installations are completed, we cannot go on to the plastering. Along with a blueprint that is followed exactly in every construction, there is also a right time to do it.
This is also valid for natural constructions and especially for cells. But we know almost nothing about how this "before and after" relationship occurs in the organization of a cell. Biologists have not yet been able to find out who tells a cell what part of the plan it has to put into effect and when. Who gives the command that hinders the operation of some genes at just the right time, how an embargo on some genes is removed, and who sets suppressor-genes and enhancer genes into action? These are questions about which we are completely in the dark.1
In the formation of the eye, "the world's finest camera", we have seen that unconscious cells act with the utmost awareness, creating the eye in the mother's body from nothing. Certainly, it is not the cells themselves that succeed in doing this extraordinary thing: they act under the inspiration of the Almighty God. In the Qur'an, God reveals that He gives human beings their form:
He is God—the Creator, the Maker, the Giver of Form. To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names. Everything in the heavens and earth glorifies Him. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise. (Qur'an, 59: 24)
1- Hoimar von Ditfurth, Im Anfang War Der Wasserstoff (In the Beginning was Hydrogen), pp. 129-130
The Wrapping of Muscles Over the Bones
Until very recently, embryologists assumed that the bones and muscles in an embryo developed at the same time. Yet, recent research has revealed a very different fact which had gone unrecognised by man. First, the cartilage tissue of the embryo ossifies. Then muscular cells that are selected from amongst the tissue around the bones come together and wrap around the bones.
This fact, which has recently been discovered by science, was related to man in the Qur'an 1,400 years ago:
Then We formed the drop into an alaq (embryo) and formed alaq into a lump and formed the lump into bones and clothed the bones in flesh thus bringing forth another creature. Blessed be God, the Best of Creators! (Qur'an, 23: 14)
This event, of which the Qur'an informed us 1,400 years ago, is thus described in a scientific publication titled Developing Human:
The shape of the skeleton determines the general appearance of the embryo in the bones stage during the 7th week; muscles do not develop at the same time but their development follows around the bones throughout the body and therefore clothe the bones. Thus the muscles take their well known forms and structures.44
In short, man's developmental stages as described in the Qur'an are in perfect harmony with the findings of modern embryology. God, the Lord of all the worlds, had given this information to man centuries ago.
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